back1 . Is.1aDroim m -oma. He fell on his back, thit sé ar chúl a chinn. I have no clothes, I haven't a rag, to my back, níl snáithe agam le cur orm féin. He slung it across his back, chaith sé siar ar a ghualainn é. To be at the back of a person, (i) a bheith ar chúl duine; (ii) a bheith mar chúl taca ag duine. The Government has a broad back, is deacair an Rialtas a bhánú. He did it behind my back, rinne sé ar chúl mo chinn é. He turned his back on me, (i) thug sé a chúl liom; (ii) d'fhág sé ansin mé. He had his back to me, bhí a chúl liom. I'll be glad to see his back, beidh áthas orm nuair a fheicfeas mé ag imeacht é. He is on his back, (i) tá sé ar shlat a dhroma; (ii) (ill) tá sé ar chúl a chinn (sa leaba). The cat set up its back, tháinig colg ar an gcat. You get his back up, cuireann tú colg air. He got his back up, tháinig stuaic air. To make a back (at leapfrog), cromadh síos. Back to back, le cúl a chéile. Back to front, droim ar ais, an taobh thiar aniar. With his back to the wall, (i) agus a dhroim le balla aige; (ii) agus é i sáinn, i dteannta. F: Put your back into it, leag ort féin, cuir do ghualainn leis. S.a. PAT2, SCRATCH2 I. bF: Cnámh f droma. His back was broken, briseadh cnámh an droma, an droim, aige. He has broken the back of the work, tá poll mór curtha san obair aige. c (Of ship) To break her back, í a bhriseadh ina dhá leath. 2Cúl m( scine, dorais, leathanaigh, cinn, tí, cairr, píosa airgid, etc.); droim m -oma( láimhe, cathaoireach); taobh f istigh (d'éadach). He gripped him by the back of the neck, rug sé i ngreim cainc mhuiníl air. On the back of the hill, ar dhroim an chnoic. At the back of the hill, ar chúl an chnoic. A frock fastened at the back, gúna dúnadh thiar. F: The third floor back, an tríú hurlár ar cúl. The idea at the back of his mind, an smaoineamh atá (bhí, etc.) i gcúl a chinn aige. There is something at the back of this, tá rud éigin taobh thiar den obair seo. 3Arch: Droim m -oma(áirse). 4In the back of the cave, sa cheann thiar den uaimh. In the back of the press, thiar i gcúl an chófra. S.a. BEYOND3. 5Sp: Cúlaí m, fear m cúil. S.a. HALF-BACK. II►back, a.Cúil, deiridh. Back room, cúlseomra m. The back streets of the town, cúlsráideanna an bhaile mhóir. Back wheel, roth m deiridh. III►back, adv.1(Of place) aAr gcúl, siar. Stand back (from me), seas amach (uaim), druid siar (uaim). Take a step back, tóg coiscéim ar gcúl. Far back, i bhfad siar, i bhfad ar deireadh. House standing back from the road, teach atá isteach tamall ón mbóthar. Put the clock back, cuir an clog ar gcúl. bAr ais. To hit back, buille ar an mbuille a thabhairt. He struck me, and I struck him back, bhuail sé mé, is thugas an t-athbhuille dó. He went back on his promise, chuaigh sé ar a thóin ina ghealltanas. To pay the money back, an t-airgead a aisíoc. To call a person back, glaoch ar ais ar dhuine. To come back, teacht ar ais. He made his way back, rinne sé a bhealach ar ais. To Dublin and back, go Baile Átha Cliath agus ar ais. John is back, tá Seán ar ais. S.a. THERE I. Attrib.Back action, gluaiseacht f tuathail. Back current, cúlsruth m -a. 2 (Of time) A few years back, cúpla bliain ó shin. Far back in pagan times, i bhfad siar in aimsir na págántachta. As far back as 1914, chomh fada siar le 1914.
back2, s. Brew: Árthach m.
back3 . Iv.tr.1aNeartaím an cúl ag; cuirim cúl le. bTo back (up) s.o., sth., seasamh le duine, le rud; tacaíocht a thabhairt do dhuine, do rud. To back a horse, geall m a chur ar chapall. Com: To back s.o., tacaíocht airgid a thabhairt do dhuine. To back a bill, dul i mbannaí ar bhille. cPhot: Cúlálaim. 2aCúlaím (capall, carr); cuirim (carr) i ndiaidh a chúil. bNau: To back the oars, to back water, (i) an bád a chúlú; (ii) (to stop way) siúl a bhaint den bhád. 3Tá mar chúl ag. The hills that back the town, na cnoic atá ar chúl an bhaile. II►back, v.i.1aCúlaím, téim i ndiaidh mo chúil. The car backed into the garage, chuaigh an carr isteach sa gharáiste i ndiaidh a chúil. bNau: (Of wind) Téann in éadan na gréine. 2The house backs on the high road, tá cúl an tí leis an mbóthar mór.